I went to the Atomic Testing Museum a couple of months back.

The Atomic Testing Museum is situated on the campus of the Desert Research Institute on the first floor of the Frank H Rogers Science and Technology Building. The whole complex sits on Flamingo Road, just off The Strip. This complex was the last thing I expected to see a stone’s throw from chaos of The Strip.
Sadly, I didn’t have a chance to visit the rest of the institute. (I was hopped up on cough syrup because of a severe case of bronchitis and had my entire family ranging from my 8 year old nephew to my octogenarian grandmother in tow; they just don’t enjoy this sort of nerdery quite as much as I do.) But, the little I saw from the parking was intriguing.
Anyway, the museum is a program of the Nevada Test Site Historical Foundation (NTSHF) and is a member of the Smithsonian Institution Affiliates Program. According to the Atomic Testing Museum’s website, the NTSHF was founded for the purpose of, “preserving and interpreting the history of the Nevada Test Site … [which] served as the nation’s principle on-continent nuclear weapons testing facility from 1951-1992.”
I was slightly surprised by the temporaryish nature of the sign greeting visitors as it created the expectation of something slightly sideshowish and transient in nature. I was beginning to envision my family’s revolt at this crazy excursion I’d taken us on. But, as soon as we stepped through the door, this expectation changed.
Immediately we were in a large lobby complete with a stainless steel WACKENHUT ticket counter/guard station (I’m guessing this was a re-purposed or replica guard shack from the NTS?). I didn’t think to snap a picture of this, but there are several good ones on the Atomic Testing Museum’s site.
We made our way to the guard station to purchase admission. Rather than the normal, boring tickets I’d expected, we were given WRISTBANDS (!) in exchange for our money. I would imagine that the ATM uses wristbands because it is part of a larger research complex, complete with several areas to wander, but I like to think that they use wristbands because they’re every bit as cool as any club on the strip.

So that you have an idea of the nerdiness level you’re dealing with here, I took this picture today, almost two months after my visit. No, I haven’t been wearing it the entire two months, but I still have it.
After we were all wristbaneded we headed into the exhibit up a U-shaped ramp. The ramp was flanked on either side by great pieces of Atomic Age memorabilia.

The picture above is Miss Atomic Bomb, 1957. You bet your ass I’m going to get in shape, make that costume and wear it every chance I get.
I was honestly so overwhelmed by all of the nerdy goodness (the codeine cough syrup probably didn’t help this any) at this point, that I don’t have a real sense of order about the objects I saw in this area of the museum. I do know that we walked up a U-shaped ramp, as noted above and meandered around seeing great displays containing weapons, recreated office settings (from Mercury, Nevada, on the NTS, I believe), music and toys. I was very excited to see a Gilbert U-238 Atomic Energy Laboratory which was an atomic energy lab for kids, put out in 1950 and 1951 by Alfred Carlton Gilbert. According to this article, the lab sold for $49.50 (which is the equivalent of $458.99 in 2011 dollars), making it a splendidly pricey toy.

I don’t remember seeing the inside of the box, but absolutely could have missed it. This article on Boing Boing has a link to an eBay auction selling the toy about the time of my visit to the museum. It only went for $3000! Yes, that’s a good bit of money, but not nearly as high as I would have expected. I mean, I could actually see paying that much for this myself. I guess that says something about me.
I could spend several thousand words on the cool stuff I saw in the first part of the exhibit including the wall piece listing the names of the 1021 nuclear detonations at the site. Apple II was one of the test names. Do you think this is where the computer got its name?
After the U-shaped ramp/awesome ephemera section, we headed into the Ground Zero Theater. The theater is a concrete bunker. Really. The lighting inside the theater is provided by those industrial, metal caged bare bulbs that are a staple of every fallout shelter of TV and movies. The light itself is red, I want to say, but don’t quite remember. There are simple wooden benches lined up in front of a window. Once the lights are dimmed a screen moves into place in the window, and we watch what is a very realistic thermonuclear explosion. I swear I could feel it; I don’t know if this was from the fantastic sound system, actual air or if I was just so caught up in the moment, but it was so real. It was awesome in the classic sense of the word. I know it scared the pants off of my nephew, who in hindsight, we probably shouldn’t have taken into the nuclear blast theater. The explosion we witnessed was at least as real as the Star Tours experience at Disneyland.
There was so much more to look at in the museum (you get to play with Geiger counters! Radioactive Red Fiestaware, and much more), but I couldn’t get past the J.C. Penney section. I was absolutely captivated by this part of the exhibit. To the point of mild obsession, if I do say so myself.

J.C. Penney Before and After
J.C. Penney mannequins were used in atomic testing at the NTS, often arranged in realistic settings in Survival Town, a purpose-built town with houses, basic infrastructure, cars, food and most creepily, mannequins dressed and arranged as people in realistic settings. Mannequins are a bit creepy on their own, but nuclear mannequins, from the ’50s? Double-plus creepy.
During the Atomic Age everyone was keen on nuclear power, both in the electrical and dominating senses so it’s no surprise that J.C. Penney would want to be a part of the high-profile testing at the NTS. I talked to a museum volunteer during my visit, and he told me that the mannequins were from a J.C. Penney store(s) in Las Vegas. The NTS borrowed the mannequins, dressed in fashions of the day, performed the tests, and then returned the mannequins to the stores where they were returned to display if undamaged. Can you imagine?
Here’s a mannequin family waiting for the blast to come:

Mannequin Family
I could not get that Brendan Fraser (and Christopher Walken) movie, “Blast from the Past” out of my brain as I looked at this setup. It also made me think of so many Twilight Zone episodes. I guess my mind runs on pop culture references.
Anyway, the mannequins were arranged in life-size dioramas depicting scenes from the everyday life of an American. Dinner tables were decked out with Sunday dinners, surrounded by well dressed mannequins engaged in lively (ha!) conversation. Sally was reaching for a can of peaches in the well-stocked (Doomsday is coming!) pantry. Gladys is asleep with her eyes wide open in a polyester nightie under a single sheet in her single bed. The less lucky of the lot were strapped to poles in the desert sun. The whole lot looked like a very unsettling episode of “Leave it to Beaver.”
The mannequins were staged, in realistic interactions, the explosions were detonated, and then people looked at what had happened to both the clothing the mannequins were wearing and the mannequins themselves. The book shown in the image above has the best descriptions, mainly because they are so morbid. The writers were obviously more concerned with the effects of the blast on the clothing than on the mannequins and this made for spectacular reading.
An average description would go something like this:
Rayon shirt, frayed at left shoulder seam. Two and one half buttons missing. Pants, poly-blend, general wear, overall good condition. Jacket, leather, scuffed only. Ear partially severed. Left leg wrenched from torso at hip.
Ummm, excuse me? The damage to the mannequin was secondary. Since mannequins are literally designed to be models of people, this is a bit startling. It is so easy to think of the mannequin as a person rather than a bunch of plaster, and this makes the descriptions downright gruesome, and for me, that much more enjoyable. As I said above, I’ve been mildly obsessed by the topic, and have actually started researching the topic in earnest, which has yielded some great information.
This site has some really great photos of the whole mannequins as test subjects program. I dig the descriptions on this site a bunch.
There is an artist, Doug Waterfield, who created an entire series of works based on the subject. The Atomic Testing Museum said there were prints of his available in the gift shop, but I was told there were not when I asked the kindly gift shop man. I was pretty bummed about this. BUT, the artist sells the works on his website, and one day I’ll have to buy one (or receive one as a super awesome Christmas/birthday present, Mom and Dad?).
I have tons of other information about the NTS, atomic testing in general and specifically, information about J.C. Penney mannequins being used in the testing. I see this growing into my go to topic for blogging/writing in general, so if you’re interested in that sort of thing, keep an eye out for new posts!
I’ll leave you with this fantastic picture of an actual mannequin used in the testing.

(!)
I will have more posts about my exploration of the atomic age coming soon. (I sent in my badging form to the NTS, so that I can be cleared to visit the site in March 2012, so that promises an excellent chunk of writing!)
Go to the museum. It is awesome.